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Women in Science: The Battle Moves to the Trenches
in Women in Science and Engineering
NY Times, December 19, 2006. "Since the 1970s, women have surged into science and engineering classes in larger and larger numbers, even at top-tier institutions like the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where half the undergraduate science majors and more than a third of the engineering students are women. Half of the nations medical students are women, and for decades the numbers have been rising similarly in disciplines like biology and mathematics. Yet studies show that women in science still routinely receive less research support than their male colleagues, and they have not reached the top academic ranks in numbers anything like their growing presence would suggest."
Does Science Promote Women?
in Women in Science and Engineering
Ginther and Kahn use data from the NSF's Survey of Doctorate Recipients (the SDR) to estimate the chances of obtaining a tenure track position and of subsequent promotions as a function of sex and other explanatory variables. Their findings, in a nutshell: 1) Overall, women are less likely to obtain tenure track positions in the sciences, 2) However, the gap is entirely explained (in a statistical sense) by marriage and children, 3) Furthermore, there is little sex-related difference in the likelihood promotion to tenure or full professor.
Science and the Gender Gap
in Women in Science and Engineering
Newsweek, September 25, 2006. "A generation ago, women physicists and chemists were rare in the lab, but their number is increasing every year."
UCLA STEM-PLEDGE: Providing Leadership & Enhancing Diversity in Grad Ed
in Associations for Women in S&E
UCLA STEM-PLEDGE (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Providing Leadership & Enhancing Diversity in Graduate Education) is a student led group of master's and doctoral students sponsored by the University of California, Los Angeles chapter of the Alliance for Graduate Education to the Professoriate (AGEP). The primary goal of STEM-PLEDGE is to identify and address the barriers that prevent the full participation of groups underrepresented in science, technology, engineering and mathematics graduate programs at the University of California, Los Angeles.
Negotiation Skills for Women in Science
in Women in Science and Engineering
"Economist Linda Babcock performed a comprehensive study of the starting salaries of students graduating from Carnegie Mellon University with master's degrees (2003). She found that students who had negotiated (most of them men) were able to increase their starting salaries by an average of 7.4% or $4,053 - almost the exact difference she found between men's and women's average starting pay. Through a series of similar experiments, Babcock found that in general, women tend to be less likely to initiate negotiations, more apprehensive about negotiating, and more pessimistic about their own worth."
Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering
in Women in Science and Engineering
National Science Foundation: "This site provides data on the participation of women, minorities, and persons with disabilities in science and engineering education and employment. The data are organized by topic and are presented in tables, graphics, and spreadsheets for downloading."
Male Scientist Writes of Life as Female Scientist
in Women in Science and Engineering
"Neurobiologist Ben Barres has a unique perspective on former Harvard president Lawrence Summers's assertion that innate differences between the sexes might explain why many fewer women than men reach the highest echelons of science."
Graduate Women in Science
in Associations for Women in S&E
Graduate Women in Science is an interdisciplinary society of scientists who encourage and support women to enter and achieve success in science through full participation in their scientific research and its applications; in the development and advancement of women; in the integration of their careers, personal goals, and society's needs; and by professional networking and mutual inspiration.
Managing Your Career Through a Pregnancy
in Women in Science and Engineering
ScienceCareers.org "Pregnancy poses challenges in a researcher's career. Terms of employment may be unclear. A laboratory environment can be treacherous. And the vocational nature of a research career means that pregnant women often feel uncomfortable about adapting their work to their pregnancy or making cover arrangements for when they are on maternity leave. Pregnant scientists may also find that the level of benefits and support they receive depends on the stage of their career and the sector they work in."
Women in Science
in Women in Science and Engineering
"This article explores this fourth possible explanation for the dearth of women in science: They found better jobs."
Stanford promises graduate student moms 12 weeks of paid maternity leave
in Women in Science and Engineering
"Stanford University on Thursday promised its women graduate students 12 weeks of paid maternity leave, a bold step aimed at attracting and retaining female intellectual talent. The policy -- believed to be the second of its kind among major U.S. universities -- also guarantees that new mothers can maintain full-time student status and eases their return to classwork, research, and teaching."
The Laws of Physics
in Women in Science and Engineering
The Chronicle, 11/11/2005. "As a postdoctoral researcher, Sherry M.J. Towers thought she had all the rights of a university employee. After a careful reading of her university's handbook, she calculated that she could take three months off after the birth of her second child, in 2003. But before her daughter was three weeks old, Ms. Towers was back in her research office making presentations at meetings, consulting with a graduate student she supervised, and finishing a paper. Her infant daughter, still too young for a day-care center, sat stashed in a car seat under Ms. Towers's desk."
Faux Family Friendly?
in Women in Science and Engineering
"As colleges have adopted 'family friendly' tenure policies, many female academics have feared that using these benefits may not actually help them. Taking leaves or extending the tenure clock ends up being used against you by faculty members who dont understand the need for such policies, they say, explaining their reluctance to take advantage of these benefits."
Gender Differences in Major Federal External Grant Programs
in Women in Science and Engineering
An analysis by the RAND Corporation of gender differences in the federal grantmaking process. The study found no major differences for the NSF and the USDA. However, the NIH awarded smaller amounts of funding to women, particularly at the high end of the award spectrum.
New Rights for Pregnant Grad Students
in Women in Science and Engineering
"The last few years have seen a burst of activity by colleges to help professors balance the responsibilities of life on the tenure track with the responsibilities of being a new parent. But what about graduate students who become parents? Many do and must largely fend for themselves, negotiating leaves with their advisers and departments. Thats why experts are hailing a move just announced by Stanford Universitys chemistry department to adopt a formal policy for graduate students who are pregnant."
Reproductive Success for Working Scientists
in Women in Science and Engineering
"Long ago, I found myself pregnant while working as a postdoc at a federal institute. I was blessed with what seemed like the ideal situation for a mammal who wanted to increase her Darwinian fitness while enhancing her chances for tenure. I would be able to give birth and raise the baby past that difficult first year before I had to throw myself into the academic job market in search of a faculty position. Perfect, I thought."
Helping Female Scientists Thrive
in Women in Science and Engineering
" The University of Maryland-Baltimore County has had a growing reputation over the last decade as one of the most successful institutions in the country at recruiting and graduating black students in the sciences. Through a combination of scholarship programs and mentoring, the university year after year places students in top Ph.D. programs at a time that many institutions struggle to identify and educate black science talent. "
The Experiences of Young Women in Science
in Women in Science and Engineering
Rachael Hawkins examines the experiences in women in science.
Gender Differences in the Careers of Academic Scientists and Engineers
in Women in Science and Engineering
" We find evidence that female scientists and engineers are less successful than their male counterparts in traveling along the academic career path. Some of this disparity appears to be related to differences between the sexes in the influence of family characteristics. Typically, married women and women with children are less successful than men who are married and have children. Our estimates of gender differences in success rates are relatively insensitive to characteristics of academic employers and to primary work activity. "
Europe attempts to promote women scientists - Naturejobs
in Women in Science and Engineering
Europe is pushing to get more women scientists into industry and academia, but can the commission legislate for gender equality? Sally Goodman investigates.
Chilly Climate: Addressing the Climate for Women in Academia
in Women in Science and Engineering
" The ChillyClimate website has been developed by AWIS to serve as a guide for improving the academic environment for women in the sciences. "
Accomplished Women
in Women in Science and Engineering
HHMI Bulletin, June 2002. " The climb to the top is not easy, but a new group of women is moving into the upper ranks of science. They urge young faculty to aim high--just brace for the inevitable obstacles. "
Expanding Your Horizons in Science and Mathematics Conferences & The Math/Science Network
in Women in Science and Engineering
The first Expanding Your Horizons (EYH) conference for 6th- 12th grade young women happened in 1976, since then over 550,000 young women have attended these popluar annual conferences held in over 100 sites throughout the USA. They have been encouraged to take more math classes in school and aspire to be a scientist or engineer. Our website describes the Network's history, current organization and lists all the current EYH sites.
Examine Your Hidden Biases
in Women in Science and Engineering
An eye-opening set of tests to assess unconscious biases. The gender bias test is particularly relevant for academics. (Requires Java)
Postdocs - equal opportunities, Naturejobs 20th June 2002
in Women in Science and Engineering
An overview of several European postdoctoral fellowships for women returning to the scientific workforce after time off to raise a family.
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